An evaluation of neural activation patterns in Nigerian Pidgin speakers using fMRI studies
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Background of the Study
Neural activation patterns provide crucial insights into the cognitive processes underlying language comprehension and production. In Nigerian Pidgin speakers, who employ a language rich in idiomatic expressions and fluid syntactic structures, understanding these neural mechanisms is particularly important. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) offers a non-invasive method for mapping brain activity during language tasks, revealing the neural correlates of language processing (Chukwu, 2023). Nigerian Pidgin, as a dynamic creole language, challenges conventional linguistic frameworks, necessitating detailed investigation of how its unique features are represented in the brain. Prior research has indicated that bilingual and creole language speakers may exhibit distinct activation patterns, engaging both traditional language areas and additional regions involved in cognitive control and social cognition (Okoro, 2024). This study aims to evaluate the neural activation patterns of Nigerian Pidgin speakers by analyzing fMRI data collected during language comprehension and production tasks. By comparing these patterns with those of speakers of standardized languages, the research seeks to elucidate the cognitive and neural adaptations associated with processing Nigerian Pidgin. The study’s findings may contribute to a deeper understanding of language processing in non-standard linguistic contexts and inform both theoretical and clinical applications (Udo, 2025).
Statement of the Problem
Current literature on neural activation during language processing has largely focused on standardized languages, with little emphasis on Nigerian Pidgin. This gap is particularly problematic given Nigerian Pidgin’s unique linguistic structure and widespread use in informal settings (Chukwu, 2023). The absence of comprehensive fMRI studies on Nigerian Pidgin limits our understanding of the neural mechanisms that support its processing. Furthermore, inconsistencies in experimental paradigms and participant variability have hindered the establishment of reliable neural markers for Nigerian Pidgin. Addressing these limitations is essential for developing a robust model of language processing that accounts for the distinctive features of Nigerian Pidgin (Okoro, 2024; Udo, 2025).
Objectives of the Study:
1. To map the neural activation patterns of Nigerian Pidgin speakers using fMRI.
2. To compare these patterns with those of speakers of standardized languages.
3. To identify neural adaptations specific to processing Nigerian Pidgin.
Research Questions:
1. What neural activation patterns are observed in Nigerian Pidgin speakers during language tasks?
2. How do these patterns differ from those in speakers of standardized languages?
3. What specific neural adaptations support Nigerian Pidgin processing?
Significance of the Study :
This study is significant as it provides the first comprehensive evaluation of neural activation in Nigerian Pidgin speakers using fMRI. The insights gained will contribute to theoretical models of language processing and may inform clinical interventions for language disorders. The findings offer a window into the cognitive adaptations required for processing a dynamic creole language, enriching our understanding of bilingual and non-standard language processing (Chukwu, 2023; Okoro, 2024).
Scope and Limitations of the Study:
This study is limited to the evaluation of neural activation patterns in Nigerian Pidgin speakers using fMRI, focusing solely on language processing without extending to other cognitive functions.
Definitions of Terms:
• Neural Activation Patterns: The specific regions of the brain that become active during cognitive tasks.
• fMRI: Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, a technique for measuring brain activity.
• Nigerian Pidgin: A creole language widely spoken in Nigeria characterized by its dynamic linguistic features.
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